硅化木的特征及供观赏意义     

明星  牛焕友 《华南地质与矿产》2011,27(3):259-262

硅化木是亿万年前的原始树木被深埋于地下并经二氧化硅交代而形成的一种木化石。它记录并见证了亿万年前的地质变迁和物种变化,兼有化石之科学内涵,美玉之华贵和奇石之美妙。本文阐述了硅化木的主要特征、成因、形成时代以及观赏和收藏意义。  相似文献   

Model tree approach for prediction of pile groups scour due to waves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Etemad-Shahidi  N. Ghaemi 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(13):1522-1527

Scour around piles could endanger the stability of the structures placed on them. Hence, an accurate estimation of the scour depth around piles is very important in coastal and marine engineering. Due to the complex interaction between the wave, seabed and pile group; prediction of the scour depth is not an easy task and the available empirical formulas have limited accuracy. Recently, soft computing methods such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) have been used for the prediction of the scour depth. However, these methods do not give enough insight about the process and are not as easy to use as the empirical equations. In this study, new formulas are given that are easy to use, accurate and physically sound. Available empirical equations for estimating the pile group scour depth such as those of Sumer et al. (1992) and Bayram and Larson (2000), are less accurate compared to the given equations. These equations are as accurate as other soft computing methods such as ANN and SVM. Moreover, in this study, safety factors are given for different levels of acceptable risks, which can be so useful for engineers.  相似文献   

坛紫菜磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶基因的克隆与序列分析          下载免费PDF全文

张晓娟  王广策  何林文  陈昌生 《海洋科学》2011,35(4):70-76

采用同源克隆的方法和RACE技术,从坛紫菜cDNA中获得了磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPC)的序列,该段序列含2538个核苷酸包含一个终止密码子TAG和191 bp的3'端非编码区(UTR),可编码846个氨基酸.该段序列中无跨膜结构和信号肽序列,推导的氨基酸序列中C末端第813位氨基酸是丙氨酸(A),表明是一个C<,...  相似文献   

刺参染色体制备的初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

谭杰  孙慧玲  高菲  杨爱国  燕敬平  于东祥  刘志鸿  周丽青 《海洋科学》2011,35(3):8-11

为探索取材容易、结果稳定可靠的刺参染色体制备方法,分别以刺参(Apostichopus japortfcus)胚胎和成体为材料对刺参染色体制片方法进行了研究.结果表明,以原肠后期胚胎为材料采用常规的热滴片法,细胞有丝分裂指数最高,获得分裂相效果最好;以成体呼吸树、成体肠组织为材料时,也能获得中期分裂相染色体,但存在着细...  相似文献   

Assessing adaptability of planted trees using leaf traits: A case study with Robinia pseudoacacia L. in the Loess Plateau, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tiantian Jin  Guohua Liu  Bojie Fu  Xiaohui Ding  Lei Yang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2011,21(3):290-303

Leaf trait patterns and their variations with climate are interpreted as an adaptive adjustment to environment.This study assessed the adaptability of planted black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) based on the analysis of leaf traits and the comparison of its leaf traits with inter-specific ones existing in the same area.We measured some water and N use related leaf traits: leaf dry mass per unit area (LMA) and N,P and K concentrations based on both leaf area (Narea,Parea and Karea) and leaf mass (Nmass,Pm...  相似文献   

Molecular identification of a species in genus Nannochloropsis     

Si Li  Kehou Pan  Baohua Zhu  Xiaolei Ma  Xin Liang  Guanpin Yang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,10(4):391-396

  相似文献   

基于线粒体Cytb基因的10种石珊瑚的系统发育关系     

刘丽  陈育盛  李晓娜  申玉春  刘楚吾 《广东海洋大学学报》2011,31(1):6-11

通过PCR扩增直接测序得到10种徐闻石珊瑚线粒体Cyt b基因部分序列,分析其碱基组成和变异频率,并采用Neighbor-Joining和Maximum Parsimony法构建系统发育树。结果显示:序列中A+T比例为61.0%,G+C比例为39.0%,前者明显高于后者,碱基替换主要发生在密码子第3位;滨珊瑚科分类与传统分类存在一定差异,揭示传统形态学分类可能受珊瑚骨骼生长可塑性限制,造成分类不准确;刺柄珊瑚属与蜂巢珊瑚科各属亲缘关系较近。  相似文献   

模糊决策树技术在化探异常提取中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

王明志  董方灵  梁群峰  金平  张汉甫 《中国地质》2011,38(3):762-769

勘查地球化学是地质找矿的一种重要手段,而能否有效地提取地球化学异常决定了化探工作的成败。模糊决策树技术是近年来迅速发展的一种数据挖掘方法,笔者在系统总结前人研究成果的基础上提出了一种简单模糊决策树的思想来提取地球化学异常,以三江南段地区1∶20万水系沉积物测量数据为例验证了该技术在寻找多金属矿方面的可行性。结果表明:该方法提取的地球化学元素组合异常与现有矿点吻合程度好,明显优于使用元素累加和求取异常的做法。模糊决策树技术用于提取地球化学异常不仅具有理论价值,而且对三江南段地区的矿产勘查具有指导意义。  相似文献   

Bioturbation on a south‐east Australian hillslope: estimating contributions to soil flux     

Paul J. Richards  Geoff S. Humphreys 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2011,36(9):1240-1253

The contribution of bioturbation to downslope soil transport is significant in many situations, particularly in the context of soil formation, erosion and creep. This study explored the direct flux of soil caused by Aphaenogaster ant mounding, vertebrate scraping and tree‐throw on a wildfire‐affected hillslope in south‐east Australia. This included the development of methods previously applied to Californian gopher bioturbation, and an evaluation of methods for estimating the volume of soil displaced by tree‐throw events. All three bioturbation types resulted in a net downslope flux, but any influence of hillslope angle on flux rates appeared to be overshadowed by environmental controls over the spatial extent of bioturbation. As a result, the highest flux rates occurred on the footslope and lower slope. The overall contribution of vertebrate scraping (57.0 ± 89.4 g m^?1 yr^?1) exceeded that of ant mounding (36.4 ± 66.0 g m^?1 yr^?1), although mean rates were subject to considerable uncertainty. Tree‐throw events, which individually cause major disturbance, were limited in their importance by their scarcity relative to faunalturbation. However, tree‐throw might be the dominant mechanism of biotic soil flux on the mid‐slope provided that it occurs at a frequency of at least 2–3 events ha^?1 yr^?1. Although direct biotic soil flux appears to be geomorphologically significant on this hillslope, such transport processes are probably subordinate to other impacts of bioturbation at this site such as the enhancement of infiltration following wildfire. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于ESPRIT算法的极化干涉SAR植被高度反演研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谈璐璐  杨立波  杨汝良 《测绘学报》2011,40(3):296-300

由于存在着去相干分量,利用ESPRIT(旋转不变技术)算法对植被区域的极化干涉SAR(PollnSAR)数据进行反演的结果有较严重偏差.针对这一问题,结合极化干涉相干最优理论及其物理散射机制,引入新的散射矢量——相干最优化散射矢量,提出一种改进的基于ESPRIT的植被高度反算法.最后,利用欧空局(ESA)提供的模拟L波...  相似文献